types of diseases
Diseases caused by external factors
· infectious diseases : caused by a biological pathogen, physical or chemical entering the body through direct or indirect transmission. For example, influenza.
· Social Disease, such as drug addiction and tuberculosis.
· Occupational diseases: the development of certain industrial activities. For example, the hearing loss caused by prolonged exposure to loud noise.
· Diseases caused by trauma, wounds, fractures or tears.
Diseases caused by internal factors
· Diseases congenital and hereditary, caused by abnormalities that often occur during pregnancy or birth, such as hydrocephalus. Hereditary diseases are transmitted through genes from parents to children, such as color blindness.
· functional diseases, caused by alterations in the functioning of any organ. For example, heart disease.
· Mental Illness: are caused by disorders in the functioning of the nervous system and produce changes in the behavior of individuals. For example, schizophrenia.
· Nutritional : caused by a power poor or poor eating habits, such as obesity. Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the science that studies the ways in which diseases affect a group of people in a certain place and time.
· Epidemic: a sudden onset of a disease, which attacks a large number of individuals living in a particular region. To be considered an epidemic, the number of people affected should be higher than usual number of cases expected.
• If a condition persists for years in a particular place, and is endemic .
· Pandemic: When a disease spreads through many countries and continents, exceeds the number of expected cases and persists over time.
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